Key Points for the Course Ethics
Here are key points in General Ethics that are commonly covered in the Licensure Examination for Teachers (LET) : 1. Definition and Nature of Ethics Ethics is the philosophical study of morality—what is right and wrong. Branches include: Normative Ethics , Metaethics , and Applied Ethics . Difference between ethics (theory) and morality (practice). 2. Major Ethical Theories Deontology (Kantian Ethics) – Duty-based ethics; actions are right or wrong in themselves. Utilitarianism (Consequentialism) – The greatest good for the greatest number. Virtue Ethics – Focuses on moral character (Aristotle). Ethical Relativism – Morality is culture-dependent. 3. Moral Development Lawrence Kohlberg’s Stages of Moral Development : Pre-conventional (obedience/punishment, self-interest) Conventional (social conformity, law and order) Post-conventional (social contract, universal ethical principles) 4. Human Acts and Morality Components of a moral act: Knowledge , Fr...